O le Covid-19 (2019-nCoV) ua mafua ai le fiaselau miliona o faʻamaʻi ma le faitau miliona o maliu talu mai lona faʻamaʻi i le faaiuga o le 2019, ua avea ai ma faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi o le soifua maloloina i le lalolagi atoa.Ua tuʻuina mai e le Faalapotopotoga o le Soifua Maloloina a le Lalolagi (WHO) le lima "mutant strains of concerns"[1], e taʻua o le Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta ma le Omicron, ma le Omicron mutant strain o le faʻalavelave sili lea i le faʻamaʻi o le lalolagi i le taimi nei.A mae'a ona a'afia i le Omicron mutant, e fai lava si malu o fa'ailoga, ae mo tagata fa'apitoa e pei o tagata e le atoatoa le malosi, tagata matutua, fa'ama'i fa'ama'i ma tamaiti, o lo'o maualuga pea le lamatiaga o ma'i tuga po'o le oti pe a mae'a fa'ama'i.O le numera o le oti o mutant strains i Omicron, o faʻamaumauga moni a le lalolagi o loʻo faʻaalia ai o le averesi o le faʻamaʻi pipisi e tusa ma le 0.75%, lea e tusa ma le 7 i le 8 taimi o le fulū, ma le tulaga o le oti o tagata matutua, aemaise lava i latou ua silia ma le 80 tausaga. tuai, e sili atu i le 10%, lea e toetoe lava 100 taimi nai lo le fulū masani[2].O fa'aaliga masani ile fa'ama'i o fa'ama'i ole fiva, tale, fa'a mago, fa'a'i tiga, myalgia, ma isi. O gasegase tuga e ono maua i le dyspnea ma/po'o le hypoxemia.
E fa ituaiga o fa'ama'i fa'ama'i: A, B, C ma le D. O fa'ama'i autu o le fa'ama'i la'ititi A (H1N1) ma le H3N2, ma le galu B (Victoria ma Yamagata).O le fulū e mafua mai i le fa'ama'i o le fulū o le a mafua ai fa'ama'i fa'avaitaimi ma fa'ama'i e le'i taumateina i tausaga ta'itasi, ma e maualuga le fa'alavelave.E tusa ai ma fuainumera, e tusa ma le 3.4 miliona mataupu o loʻo togafitia mo faʻamaʻi pei o le fulū i tausaga taʻitasi[3], ma e tusa ma le 88,100 mataupu o faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi e fesoʻotaʻi ma le influenza e oʻo atu ai i le oti, ma e tusa ma le 8.2% o faʻamaʻi manava na maliliu.[4].O fa'ailoga fa'apitoa e aofia ai le fiva, ulu ulu, myalgia ma le tale mago.O vaega e maualuga le lamatiaga, e pei o fafine maʻitaga, pepe, tagata matutua ma tagata mamaʻi e maua i faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi, e faigofie ona maua i le niumonia ma isi faʻalavelave, e ono iʻu ai i le oti i tulaga ogaoga.
1 COVID-19 fa'atasi ma lamatiaga i le fulū.
Ole fa'ama'i fa'atasi ole fulū ma le COVID-19 e ono fa'ateleina ai le a'afiaga ole fa'ama'i.O se suʻesuʻega a Peretania e faʻaalia ai[5], pe a fa'atusatusa i le COVID-19 fa'ama'i na'o, o le lamatiaga o le fa'amama fa'ainisinia ma le lamatiaga o le maliu ile falema'i ile COVID-19 tagata mama'i fa'ama'i fa'ama'i fa'ama'i na si'itia ile 4.14 taimi ma le 2.35 taimi.
Tongji Medical College o Huazhong University of Science and Technology lomia se suʻesuʻega[6], lea e aofia ai suʻesuʻega 95 e aofia ai le 62,107 tagata gasegase ile COVID-19.O le fa'ateleina o le fa'ama'i pipisi fa'atasi e 2.45%, ma o le influenza A na maua ai le maualuga tele.A fa'atusatusa i tagata mama'i na'o le COVID-19, o tagata mama'i e maua fa'atasi i le influenza A e sili atu le maualuga o le fa'alavelave i fa'afitauli matuia, e aofia ai le ulufale mai i le ICU, lagolago fa'ainisinia ma le oti.E ui lava e maualalo le faʻateleina o le faʻamaʻi faʻatasi, o tagata mamaʻi e faʻamaʻi faʻatasi e feagai ma le maualuga o le lamatiaga o aʻafiaga ogaoga.
O se meta-suʻesuʻega e faʻaalia ai lena mea[7], pe a fa'atusatusa i le B-stream, o le A-stream e sili atu ona fa'ama'i fa'atasi ma le COVID-19.I totonu o le 143 tagata mama'i fa'atasi, 74% o lo'o a'afia ile A-stream, ma le 20% o lo'o a'afia ile B-stream.O fa'ama'i fa'atasi e mafai ona o'o atu ai i fa'ama'i tuga o tagata mama'i, aemaise lava i fa'alapotopotoga fa'aletonu e pei o tamaiti.
O suʻesuʻega i tamaiti ma talavou i lalo ifo o le 18 tausaga na faʻamaʻi pe na maliliu i le fulū i le vaitau o le flu i le Iunaite Setete i le 2021-22 na maua.[8]e tatau ona fa'alogoina le tulaga o le fa'ama'i fa'atasi ma le fulū ile COVID-19.Faatasi ai ma mataupu tau falemaʻi e fesoʻotaʻi ma le fulū, e 6% na aʻafia faʻatasi ma le COVID-19 ma le fulū, ma o le aofaʻi o maliu faʻatatau i le fulū na oʻo i le 16%.O lea su'esu'ega ua fa'ailoa mai ai o tagata mama'i e a'afia fa'atasi ile COVID-19 ma le fulū e mana'omia le fesoasoani fa'alenava fa'aoso ma e le fa'asalaina nai lo i latou e na'o le fulū, ma fa'ailoa mai o le fa'ama'i fa'atasi e ono o'o atu ai i fa'ama'i tuga i tamaiti. .
2 Su'esu'ega 'ese'ese ole fulū ma le COVID-19.
O fa'ama'i fou uma ma le fulū e matua'i pipisi, ma e iai fo'i mea e tutusa ai fa'ama'i fa'ama'i, e pei o le fiva, tale ma le myalgia.Peitaʻi, e eseese auala e togafitia ai nei siama e lua, ma e eseese foʻi vailaʻau o loo faaaogāina.I le taimi o togafitiga, e mafai e vailaʻau ona suia faʻaaliga faʻapitoa masani o le faʻamaʻi, e sili atu ona faigata ona faʻamaonia le faʻamaʻi naʻo faʻamaoniga.Ole mea lea, ole su'esu'ega sa'o ole COVID-19 ma le fulū e mana'omia ona fa'alagolago ile su'esu'ega o fa'ama'i eseese ina ia mautinoa e mafai e tagata gasegase ona maua togafitiga talafeagai ma lelei.
Ole tele ole autasi fautuaga ile su'esu'ega ma togafitiga ua fautua mai ai ole fa'ailoa sa'o ole COVID-19 ma le fa'ama'i fulū e ala ile su'esu'ega falesuesue e taua tele mo le fa'atulagaina o se fuafuaga mo togafitiga talafeagai.
《 Fuafuaga Su'esu'ega ma Togafitiga o le Influenza (2020 Edition)》[9]ma 《Su'esu'ega ole Fufula mo Tagata Matutua ma Togafitiga Tulaga Fa'atonu Fa'alavelave Fa'afuase'i Consensus (2022 Lomiga)》[10]o lo'o fa'amanino uma lava o le fulū e tutusa ma nisi o fa'ama'i i le COVID-19, ma o le COVID-19 e iai auga vaivai ma masani e pei o le fiva, tale mago ma le tiga o le fa'a'i, lea e le faigofie ona iloa mai le fulū;O fa'aaliga tuga ma ogaoga e aofia ai le niumonia tuga, ma'i fa'alavelave fa'alavelave fa'afuase'i ma le fa'aletonu o totoga, e tutusa ma fa'aaliga fa'apitoa o le fulū ogaoga ma le ogaoga, ma e mana'omia le fa'avasegaina i le etiology.
《fou coronavirus faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi ma fuafuaga togafitiga (tusi lona sefulu mo le faʻatinoga o faʻataʻitaʻiga》[11]Na taʻua e faapea o le faʻamaʻi Covid-19 e tatau ona faʻaeseese mai faʻamaʻi o le manava pito i luga e mafua mai i isi siama.
3 Eseesega ile togafitiga ole fulū ma fa'ama'i ole COVID-19
O le 2019-nCoV ma le fulū o faʻamaʻi eseese ia e mafua mai i siama eseese, ma e eseese auala e togafitia ai.O le fa'aogaina tatau o vaila'au fa'ama'i e mafai ona fa'alavelaveina fa'alavelave matuia ma le lamatiaga o le oti o fa'ama'i e lua.
E fautuaina le faʻaaogaina o vailaʻau faʻamaʻi mole mole e pei o le Nimatvir / Ritonavir, Azvudine, Monola ma le faʻaleagaina o vailaʻau faʻamaʻi e pei o le Ambaviruzumab / Romisvir monoclonal antibody tui ile COVID-19[12].
O vailaʻau faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi e masani lava ona faʻaaogaina le neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, zanamivir), hemagglutinin inhibitors (Abidor) ma le RNA polymerase inhibitors (Mabaloxavir), ia e iai aʻafiaga lelei i faʻamaʻi lauiloa o le influenza A ma B.[13].
O le filifilia o se vailaʻau faʻamaʻi talafeagai e taua tele mo le togafitia o le 2019-nCoV ma le fulū.O le mea lea, e taua tele le faʻamaonia manino o le pathogen e taʻitaʻia ai vailaʻau falemaʻi.
4 COVID-19/ Influenza A / Influenza B su'ega fa'atolu fa'atasiga oloa nucleic acid
O lenei oloa e maua ai fa'amatalaga vave ma sa'o of 2019-nCoV, fulū A ma siama B, ma fesoasoani e iloa le eseesega o le 2019-nCoV ma le fulū, lua fa'ama'i fa'ama'i fa'ama'i e tutusa fa'ailoga ile falema'i ae 'ese'ese togafiti togafiti.E ala i le faailoaina o le pathogen, e mafai ona taʻitaʻia le atinaʻeina o falemaʻi o polokalame togafitiga faʻatatau ma faʻamautinoa e mafai e tagata gasegase ona maua togafitiga talafeagai i le taimi.
Ole fofo atoa:
Fa'ata'ita'iga aoina--Nucleic acid extraction--Detection reagent--polymerase chain reaction
Fa'ailoa sa'o: fa'ailoa le Covid-19 (ORF1ab, N), fa'ama'i fa'ama'i A ma le fa'ama'i fa'ama'i B ile fa'agaau e tasi.
Ma'ale'ale: LOD o le Covid-19 e 300 kopi/mL, a'o le influenza A ma le B virus e 500 kopi/mL.
Aofa'iga lautele: O le Covid-19 e aofia uma ai a'afiaga mutant ua iloa, fa'atasi ai ma le fulū A e aofia ai H1N1, H3N2, H1N1 2009, H5N1, H7N9, ma isi, ma le influenza B e aofia ai auga o Vitoria ma Yamagata, ina ia mautinoa o le a leai se misi. su'esu'ega.
Pulea lelei fa'atuatuaina: fa'atonuina le lelei / lelei, fa'asinomaga i totonu ma le UDG enzyme fa'afa fa'atonuga lelei, mata'ituina fa'afouga ma fa'agaioiga e fa'amautinoa ai taunu'uga sa'o.
Fa'aaoga lautele: fa'atasi ma le fa'auluuluga fa'auiga PCR fa'aogaina i le maketi.
Ave'esea fa'aoto: fa'atasi ma Macro & Micro-Tfa'atatauotometi nucleic acid fa'apipi'i faiga ma fa'aputuga reagents, le lelei o le galuega ma le fa'atasi o taunu'uga ua fa'aleleia.
Fa'amatalaga o oloa
Fa'asinomaga
1. Faalapotopotoga o le Soifua Maloloina a le Lalolagi.Su'e su'ega SARS‑CoV‑2[EB/OL].(2022-12-01) [2023-01-08].https://www.who.int/activities/tracking‑SARS‑CoV‑2‑variants.
2. Fa'amatalaga Fa'atonu _ Liang Wannian: O le numera o tagata maliliu i Omicron e 7 i le 8 taimi nai lo le flu _ Influenza _ Epidemic _ Mick _ Sina News.http://k.sina.com.cn/article_3121600265_ba0fd7090010198ol.html.
3. Feng LZ, Feng S, Chen T, ma isi.Avega o fa'atalanoaga fa'ama'i fa'ama'i fa'ama'i fa'ama'i fa'ama'i ile fulū i Saina, 2006-2015: su'esu'ega fa'atatau ile faitau aofa'i[J].Fufula Isi Fa'ama'i Respira, 2020, 14(2): 162-172.
4. Li L, Liu YN, Wu P, et al.O le tele o le manava manava e fesoʻotaʻi i le influenza i Saina, 2010-15: o se suʻesuʻega faʻavae tagata [J].Lancet Public Health, 2019, 4(9): e473-e481.
5. Swets MC, Russell CD, Harrison EM, et al.SARS-CoV-2 fa'ama'i fa'atasi ma fa'ama'i fulū, fa'ama'i fa'ama'i fa'amama, po'o adenovirus.Lancet.2022;399(10334):1463-1464.
6. Yan X, Li K, Lei Z, Luo J, Wang Q, Wei S. Fa'ateleina ma i'uga e feso'ota'i o fa'atasi i le va o le SARS-CoV-2 ma le fulū: o se iloiloga fa'atulagaina ma fa'ata'ita'iga.Int J A'afia Dis.2023;136:29-36.
7. Dao TL, Hoang VT, Colson P, Miliona M, Gautret P. Faʻatasi faʻamaʻi pipisi o le SARS-CoV-2 ma faʻamaʻi pipisi: O se iloiloga faʻatulagaina ma faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga.J Clin Virol Plus.2021 Setema;1(3):100036.
8. Adams K, Tastad KJ, Huang S, et al.Fa'amata'u o le SARS-CoV-2 ma le Influenza Coinfection ma uiga tau falema'i i tamaiti ma tupulaga talavou ua i lalo ifo o le 18 tausaga o lo'o i le falema'i pe ua maliliu i le fulū - Iunaite Setete, 2021-22 Vaitau o le Influenza.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022;71(50):1589-1596.
9. National Health and Wellness Committee of People's Republic of China (PRC), pulega a le setete o vailaʻau faʻaSaina masani.Polokalama Su'esu'ega ma Togafitiga o le Influenza (2020 Edition) [J].Tusitala Saina o Fa'ama'i Fa'ama'i Fa'ama'i, 2020, 13(6): 401-405,411.
10. Fomaʻi Faʻalavelave Faʻafuaseʻi Paranesi a Saina Faʻafomaʻi Asosi, Faʻalavelave Faʻafuaseʻi Lala Faʻafomaʻi a Saina Faʻafomaʻi Asosi, Saina Faʻalavelave Faʻafomaʻi Asosi, Beijing Faʻalavelave Faʻafomaʻi Asosi, Saina Tagata Liberation Army Faalavelave Tutupu Faafuasei Komiti Tomai Faapitoa.Fa'atasi a Tagata Tomai Fa'afuase'i i le Su'esu'ega ma Togafitiga mo Tagata Matutua o le Influenza (2022 Edition) [J].Chinese journal of critical care medicine, 2022, 42(12): 1013-1026.
11. Ofisa Sili o le Komisi o le Soifua Maloloina ma le Soifua Maloloina a le Setete, Matagaluega Lautele o le Pulega a le Setete o Vailaau Fa'aSaina.Fa'asilasilaga i le Lomitusi ma le Tufatufaina o le tala fou o le Fa'ama'i Fa'ama'i ma Fuafuaga Togafitiga (Trial Tenth Edition).
12. Zhang Fujie, Zhuo Wang, Wang Quanhong, et al.O le maliega a tagata tomai faapitoa i togafitiga antiviral mo tagata fou ua aafia i le coronavirus [J].Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2023, 16(1): 10-20.
13. Fomaʻi Faʻalavelave Faʻafuaseʻi Paranesi a Saina Medical Association, Faʻalavelave Faʻafuaseʻi Lala Faʻafomaʻi a Saina Medical Association, Saina Faʻalavelave Faʻafomaʻi Asosi, Beijing Asosi Faʻafomaʻi Faʻafuaseʻi, Saina Tagata Liberation Army Faalavelave Tutupu Faafuasei Komiti Tomai Faapitoa.Fa'atasi a Tagata Tomai Fa'afuase'i i le Su'esu'ega ma Togafitiga mo Tagata Matutua o le Influenza (2022 Edition) [J].Chinese journal of critical care medicine, 2022, 42(12): 1013-1026.
Taimi meli: Mati-29-2024